Turkmenabat, the second-largest city in Turkmenistan with a population of around 280,000, is a major hub in the eastern part of the country. Situated along the Amu Darya River, it serves as the capital of Lebap Province and is a critical centre for trade, industry, and culture for the region. Known for its historical significance as a Silk Road stopover and its modern role as a gateway to Uzbekistan.
History
Turkmenabat, formerly known as Amul, boasts a rich history that dates back to its role as a key Silk Road trading post. The ancient site of Amul, located on the outskirts of modern Turkmenabat, flourished between the 1st and 4th centuries AD as part of the Kushan Empire. By the 9th century, it had become a major centre of international trade, connecting routes from Merv to Bukhara and China, as well as northward to Khorezm.
The city’s modern development began in 1886 when the Trans-Caspian Railway reached the area, transforming it into a military outpost and later a civilian settlement. In 1901, the construction of a railway bridge across the Amu Darya further solidified its strategic importance. Over the years, the city underwent several name changes: Chardzhuy (1886–1924), Leninsk (1924–1927), Chardzhou (1927–1992), and finally Turkmenabat in 1999, meaning "created by Turkmen." Today, Turkmenabat remains a vital industrial and cultural center, preserving its legacy as a crossroads of trade and culture.
Where to Stay
In Turkmenistan, tourists cannot book accommodations independently and must arrange hotels as part of a tour. Turkmenabat offers a few options for visitors:
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Yupek Yoly (Silk Way Hotel): A popular choice with modern amenities and comfortable rooms.
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Jeyhun Hotel: The better of the two options and a reliable option for travelers seeking convenience and basic comforts. Jeyhun is near the modern part of Turkmenabat.
Note: A tourist tax of $2 per person per night is charged at the end of your stay in Turkmenistan hotels.
Where to Eat
1. Fitchi House (FITÇI HOUSE):
The most famous restaurant in Turkmenabat, Fitchi House is renowned for its namesake dish, fitchi—a savory Turkmen pie filled with meat, onions, and spices, baked to golden perfection. This hearty and flavourful dish is a must-try for visitors looking to experience authentic Turkmen cuisine. The restaurant’s cozy atmosphere and friendly service make it a favourite among locals and travellers alike. Pair your fitchi with a cup of green tea for a truly local dining experience.
2. Praga Cafe:
A popular spot
in Turkmenabat, Praga Cafe offers a mix of European and Central Asian dishes. Known for its cozy atmosphere and hearty meals, it’s a great place to enjoy a variety of options, from grilled meats to pasta dishes. The café also serves coffee and desserts, making it a good choice for a relaxed meal.
3. Lebap Bazaar:
A must-visit for food lovers, this bustling market showcases the region’s diverse culinary influences. Sample fresh fruits, nuts, and traditional snacks.
What to See and Do
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Amu Darya River: Take a scenic walk along the riverbank and enjoy the tranquil views of one of Central Asia’s most important waterways.
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Lebap Bazaar: Immerse yourself in the lively atmosphere of this local market, where you can find everything from spices to handicrafts.
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Turkmenistan Regional History Museum: Explore artifacts and exhibitions that narrate Turkmenabat’s development from ancient times to the present day.
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Mosque of Turkmenabat: Admire the intricate designs and peaceful ambiance of this beautiful mosque, an example of modern Turkmenistan white and gold architecture.
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Ancient Amul Site: Visit the archaeological remains of the ancient city of Amul, located on the outskirts of Turkmenabat, to connect with the region’s Silk Road past.
Border Crossing to/from Uzbekistan
Turkmenabat is a major border crossing point to Uzbekistan, making it a crucial stop for travellers exploring Central Asia. The Farap-Alat border crossing is located near Turkmenabat. Here’s what you need to know:
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The border is about 1 hour from Turkmenabat.
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Operating Hours: The border is open 24 hours a day, however the bus to take you through no-mans land operates from 9am until 6pm. If you cross outside these hours you will need to walk 2-3kms.
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Transportation: A taxi to/from the border and Bukhara (Uzbekistan) costs around $40 for the entire car, which can be shared with other travellers.
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Preparation: Be prepared for potential long waits and thorough security checks. Ensure all your documents (LOI) are in order before arriving at the border.
If you want to come and experience Turkmenabat for yourself then check out our Turkmenistan tours on
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, or to visit on a private tour send us an email to [email protected].